Successes+and+reverses
31Martin Van Buren: Against Government Aid for Business Losses — ▪ Primary Source Many of the pet banks in which federal funds had been deposited defaulted during the Panic of 1837. As a consequence of the bank failures and the inability to raise public funds in an economy beset by a servere… …
32Catholic Missions — Catholic Missions † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Catholic Missions The history of Catholic missions would necessarily begin with the missionary labours of Christ, and would cover a very considerable portion of the history of the Catholic… …
33Germany — /jerr meuh nee/, n. a republic in central Europe: after World War II divided into four zones, British, French, U.S., and Soviet, and in 1949 into East Germany and West Germany; East and West Germany were reunited in 1990. 84,068,216; 137,852 sq.… …
34United Kingdom — a kingdom in NW Europe, consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: formerly comprising Great Britain and Ireland 1801 1922. 58,610,182; 94,242 sq. mi. (244,100 sq. km). Cap.: London. Abbr.: U.K. Official name, United Kingdom of Great… …
35French Directory — Executive Government of the First French Republic In office 2 November 1795 – 10 November 1799 Preceded by National Convention Succeeded by French Consulate with Napoleon Bonaparte as First Con …
36Austria — Austrian, adj., n. /aw stree euh/, n. a republic in central Europe. 8,054,078; 32,381 sq. mi. (83,865 sq. km). Cap.: Vienna. German, Österreich. * * * Austria Introduction Austria Background: Once the center of power for the large Austro… …
37Russia — /rush euh/, n. 1. Also called Russian Empire. Russian, Rossiya. a former empire in E Europe and N and W Asia: overthrown by the Russian Revolution 1917. Cap.: St. Petersburg (1703 1917). 2. See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. 3. See Russian… …
38The Byzantine Empire — The Byzantine Empire † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Byzantine Empire The ancient Roman Empire having been divided into two parts, an Eastern and a Western, the Eastern remained subject to successors of Constantine, whose capital was at …
39Poland — • Country in eastern Europe Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Poland Poland † Cathol …
40Iran, ancient — Introduction also known as Persia historic region of southwestern Asia that is only roughly coterminous with modern Iran. The term Persia was used for centuries, chiefly in the West, to designate those regions where Persian language and… …
