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  • 111Earth Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Geology and Geochemistry       The theme of the 33rd International Geological Congress, which was held in Norway in August 2008, was “Earth System Science: Foundation for Sustainable Development.” It was attended by nearly… …

    Universalium

  • 112industrial glass — Introduction       solid material that is normally lustrous and transparent in appearance and that shows great durability under exposure to the natural elements. These three properties lustre, transparency, and durability make glass a favoured… …

    Universalium

  • 113petroleum refining — Introduction  conversion of crude oil into useful products. History Distillation of kerosene and naphtha       The refining of crude petroleum owes its origin to the successful drilling of the first oil well in Titusville, Pa., in 1859. Prior to… …

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  • 114Three-drum boilers — Three drum boiler, casing removed …

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  • 115Shale oil extraction — Shell s experimental in situ shale oil facility, Piceance Basin, Colorado, United States Process type Chemical Industrial sector(s) Chemical industry, oil indus …

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  • 116Distillation — Distiller and Distillery redirect here. For other uses, see Distiller (disambiguation) and Distillery (disambiguation). For other uses, see Distillation (disambiguation). Laboratory display of distillation: 1: A heating device 2: Still pot 3:… …

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  • 117Branding iron — [ 1910s] A branding iron is a tool which uses the process of pressing a heated metal shape against an object or livestock with the intention of leaving a mark. From the branding of livestock to prove ownership to the branding of woodcrafts to… …

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  • 118Team rivalry — Pairs of schools, colleges and universities, especially when they are close to each other either geographically or in their areas of specialization, often establish a college rivalry with each other over the years. This rivalry can extend to both …

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  • 119Early thermal weapons — were devices or substances used in warfare during the classical and medieval periods (approx 8th century BC until the mid 16th century AD) which used heat or burning action to destroy or damage enemy personnel, fortifications or territories.… …

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  • 120dairy product — Introduction        milk and any of the foods made from milk, including butter, cheese, ice cream, yogurt, and condensed and dried milk.       Milk has been used by humans since the beginning of recorded time to provide both fresh and storable… …

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