justificatory
41Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya — For the Founder/Chairman of the Indian Council of Philosophical Research, see D. P. Chattopadhyaya. Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya 200px Full name Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya Born November 19, 1918 Calcutta, India Died May 8, 1993 Calcutta, India Region …
42Stephen Toulmin — Stephen Edelston Toulmin (born March 25, 1922) is a British philosopher, author, and educator. Influenced by the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, Toulmin devoted his works to the analysis of moral reasoning. Throughout his writings, he… …
43Discourse ethics — Discourse ethics, sometimes called argumentation ethics, refers to a type of argument that attempts to establish normative or ethical truths by examining the presuppositions of discourse. Contents 1 Habermas and Apel 1.1 Presupposition 1.2… …
44Glossary of philosophical isms — This is a list of topics relating to philosophy that end in ism . compactTOC NOTOC A * Absolutism – the position that in a particular domain of thought, all statements in that domain are either absolutely true or absolutely false: none is true… …
45Toxic leader — A toxic leader is someone who has responsibility over a group of people or an organization, and who abuses the leader follower relationship by leaving the group or organization in a worse off condition than when s/he first found them. The phrase… …
46Invariances — Invariances, published in 2001 by Harvard University Press, was Robert Nozick s last book before his death in 2002. Introduction In the introduction to his book Nozick assumes orthodox quantum mechanics and draws inferences from it about… …
47Deductive closure — For other uses, see Closure (disambiguation). Peter D. Klein, in the second edition of The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, defines closure as follows: A set of objects, O, is said to exhibit closure or to be closed under a given operation, R …
48Biology of gender — The biology of gender is scientific analysis of the physical basis for behavioural differences between men and women. It is more specific than sexual dimorphism, which covers physical and behavioural differences between males and females of any… …
49epistemology — epistemological /i pis teuh meuh loj i keuhl/, adj. epistemologically, adv. epistemologist, n. /i pis teuh mol euh jee/, n. a branch of philosophy that investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of human knowledge. [1855 60; < Gk… …
50justification — /jus teuh fi kay sheuhn/, n. 1. a reason, fact, circumstance, or explanation that justifies or defends: His insulting you was ample justification for you to leave the party. 2. an act of justifying: The painter s justification of his failure to… …
