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  • 111GERMANY — GERMANY, country in north central Europe. The Talmud and the Midrash use Germania (or Germamia ) as a designation for northern European countries, and also refer to the military prowess of these peoples and to the threat they posed to the Roman… …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 112REFORM JUDAISM — REFORM JUDAISM, first of the modern interpretations of Judaism to emerge in response to the changed political and cultural conditions brought about by the emancipation . The Reform movement was a bold historical response to the dramatic events of …

    Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • 113Fasting — is primarily the act of willingly abstaining from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time. An absolute fast is normally defined as abstinence from all food and liquid for a defined period, usually a single day (24 hours), or… …

    Wikipedia

  • 114Beliefs and practices of Jehovah's Witnesses — The beliefs and practices of Jehovah s Witnesses are based on the Bible teachings of its founder, Charles Taze Russell and his successors, Joseph Franklin Rutherford and Nathan Homer Knorr. Since about 1976 they have also been based on decisions… …

    Wikipedia

  • 115Shinji Takahashi — Nihongo|Shinji Takahashi|高橋 信次|Takahashi Shinji|extra=September 21, 1927 June 25, 1976 was a Japanese religious leader, corporate manager and hardware engineer.Founder of the new religion/religious corporation God Light Association (GLA), born in …

    Wikipedia

  • 116Muhammad — /moo ham euhd, hah meuhd/, n. 1. Also, Mohammed, Mahomet. A.D. 570 632, Arab prophet: founder of Islam. 2. Elijah (Elijah Poole), 1897 1975, U.S. clergyman: leader of the Black Muslims 1934 75. 3. a male given name. * * * I or Mohammed born с 570 …

    Universalium

  • 117United States — a republic in the N Western Hemisphere comprising 48 conterminous states, the District of Columbia, and Alaska in North America, and Hawaii in the N Pacific. 267,954,767; conterminous United States, 3,022,387 sq. mi. (7,827,982 sq. km); with… …

    Universalium

  • 118French literature — Introduction       the body of written works in the French language produced within the geographic and political boundaries of France. The French language was one of the five major Romance languages to develop from Vulgar Latin as a result of the …

    Universalium

  • 119Sacraments — • Presents the necessity, the nature, the origin and cause, the number, the effects, the minister, and the recipient of the Sacraments Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Sacraments     Sacraments …

    Catholic encyclopedia

  • 120The Church —     The Church     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Church     The term church (Anglo Saxon, cirice, circe; Modern German, Kirche; Sw., Kyrka) is the name employed in the Teutonic languages to render the Greek ekklesia (ecclesia), the term by which… …

    Catholic encyclopedia